Friday, August 7, 2020

An Overview of Problem-Solving Therapy

An Overview of Problem-Solving Therapy Psychotherapy Print An Overview of Problem-Solving Therapy By Arlin Cuncic Arlin Cuncic, MA, is the author of Therapy in Focus: What to Expect from CBT for Social Anxiety Disorder and 7 Weeks to Reduce Anxiety. Learn about our editorial policy Arlin Cuncic Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on September 10, 2019 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD on September 10, 2019 Getty / Laflor More in Psychotherapy Online Therapy In This Article Table of Contents Expand History Types of Problems Treated Therapy Framework Format Benefits Research on Problem Solving Therapy Problem-solving therapy is a form of therapy involves providing patients with tools to identify and solve problems that arise from life stressors, both big and small, to improve overall quality of life and reduce the negative impact of psychological and physical illness. History of Problem Solving Therapy Problem-solving therapy was first developed in Great Britain in the primary care context. It was designed to be an evidence-based treatment that doctors could use in their practices with their patients. Types of Problems Treated The primary use of problem-solving therapy is to address issues related to life stress and finding solutions to concrete issues. Thus, problem solving therapy can be applied to life problems that are typically associated with various psychological and physiological symptoms. When Problem Solving Therapy Is Advised Problem-solving therapy is advised for the following issues: common mental health issuesmanaging stressful life eventsdealing with the aftermath of a divorcecoping with the loss of a loved onestruggling after job lossstress related to a cancer diagnosisproblems associated with heart diseasestress due to the accumulation of minor life issues (e.g., long commutes, stressful job)struggles due to family problemsfinancial difficultiesproblems with relationshipsdesire to find more personal meaning in your lifecoping with everyday life stressorsbasic psychological and emotional issuesproblems that result from a medical illnessmental health issues resulting from life stressorsanxiety-related issuesproblems with self-harmfeeling unhappy in your work or in your homefor managing specific symptoms of depressionto address concrete problems in your life Your doctor or mental health professional will be able to advise whether problem-solving therapy could be helpful for your particular issue. In general, if you are struggling with real-life concrete problems that you feel you are having trouble finding solutions for, problem-solving therapy could be helpful for you. Whats the Difference Between a Counselor and a Psychotherapist? Therapy Framework In order to grasp how problem-solving therapy works, its helpful first to describe the framework or background to the therapy. Problem-solving therapy is based on a model of stress and well-being that takes into account the importance of real-life problem-solving. In other words, the key to managing the impact of stressful life events in terms of later problems with mental health is to know how to solve problems as they arise. There are two major components that make up the problem-solving therapy framework: Applying the problem-solving orientation to your life and using problem-solving skills. Applying the Problem Solving Orientation When you experience problem-solving therapy, you will learn how to apply the approach to all areas of your life. This means that you will start to see problems as challenges to be solved instead of insurmountable obstacles. It also means that you will recognize the time and systematic action that is required to engage in effective problem-solving techniques. For example, if you are living with depression or a medical illness, and struggling to eat healthy meals each day, you would see this as a problem that can be solved through a systematic plan that you take the time to implement. Using Problem Solving Skills The second component of problem-solving therapy is learning how to use problem-solving skills. This involves knowing how to identify the problem, defining it in a way that is helpful, trying to understand the problem in a deeper way, setting goals related to the problem, generating alternative creative solutions, choosing the best course of action, implementing the choice you have made, and evaluating the outcome to determine next steps. To break it down more specifically, problem-solving therapy uses a four-pronged approach: Problem definition and formulation: This step involves identifying the real-life problem that needs to be solved and formulating it in a way that allows for the generation of potential solutions. Generation of alternative solutions: This stage involves generating various potential solutions to the problem at hand in order to creatively address the life stressor in ways that you may not have previously considered. Decision-making strategies: This stage involves discussing different strategies for making decisions as well as identifying obstacles that may get in the way of solving the problem at hand. Solution implementation and verification: This stage involves implementing a chosen solution and then verifying whether it was effective in addressing the problem. Format of Problem Solving Therapy What is the format of problem-solving therapy? Lets take a look at the different features that it involves. Problem-solving therapy... takes place over anywhere from 6 to 16 sessionsinvolves sessions that can be anywhere from 30 minutes to two hours longtakes place through a collaborative process between therapist and patientis a type of cognitive behavioral therapy interventioncan take place one-on-one or in a group formatinvolves homework assignmentsinvolves psychoeducationcan be combined with other treatment approachesinvolves the development of personal empowerment of the patientcan be administered by a doctor or mental health professionalfocuses on developing an action planhelps you through the step-by-step details of how to solve life problemsfocuses on real-life problems that you are experiencing at the momentinvolves a series of stages of psychotherapy Problem-solving therapy is all about training you to become adaptive in your life so that you can develop a problem-solving attitude and the specific skills required to execute strategies in your life right now. Problem-solving therapy is also very practical in its approach and is only concerned with the present, rather than delving into your past. Benefits of Problem Solving Therapy What types of skills are developed during problem-solving therapy? Below are just some of the advantages that this type of therapy offers: The ability to make effective decisionsIncreased confidence to find creative solutionsKnowing how to identify which barriers will impede your progressBeing able to identify which stressors trigger your negative emotions (e.g., sadness, anger)Knowing how to manage these emotions when they ariseConfidence that you can handle problems that you faceThe ability to accept life problems that cant be solvedHaving a systematic approach on how to deal with lifes problemsReduced avoidance and increased action-takingThe development of patience (realizing that not all problems have a quick fix)Having a toolbox of strategies to solve the problems you face As you can see, there are numerous benefits to engaging in problem-solving therapy that may extend into all areas of your life. While other forms of psychotherapy such as cognitive-behavioral therapy may be helpful for dealing with negative thoughts, problem-solving therapy is ideal if you are struggling with life problems and stressors and you dont feel well equipped with the necessary tools and strategies to solve your problems. Research on Problem Solving Therapy In order to understand whether problem-solving therapy might be effective for you, its helpful to consider the relevant research evidence. In general, there is research evidence supporting the use of problem-solving therapy for issues related to major depressive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, some personality disorders, poor quality of life due to illness such as cancer or diabetes, suicidal ideation, and emotional distress. Meta-Analysis of 31 Studies In a meta-analysis of 31 studies that examined the efficacy of problem-solving therapy among 2895 participants, it was shown that problem-solving therapy was more effective than no treatment at all, treatment as usual, and attention placebo. However, it was not found to be more effective than bona fide treatments that were offered as part of the original studies. In addition, the researchers discovered that there were some factors that influence the effectiveness of problem-solving therapy. These included whether the therapy involved a component of problem orientation training and also whether there was homework assigned to participants. This suggests that the best format for problem-solving therapy will involve teaching you how to view problems as challenges to be overcome so that when you face new problems outside of therapy, you feel equipped to face them rather than avoid them. This also suggests that practical exercises, like the ones done during homework, are critical for allowing you to practice strategies so that they have a lasting impact. Meta-Analysis of Problem Solving Therapy for Depression In another meta-analysis of 21 studies using problem-solving therapy for depression, it was shown that problem-solving therapy was as effective as other psychosocial therapies and also as effective as antidepressant medication. It was also shown to be more effective than no treatment at all as well as an attention control. Once again, it was determined that problem-solving therapy was more effective when it included training in having a positive problem orientation. In other words, it was very important that when therapy was complete, you had a mindset that you would be able to solve your problems in the future. A Word From Verywell Problem-solving therapy is a specific type of psychotherapy designed to help you address problems in your life in an effective way. If you are living with depression, anxiety, relationship problems, chronic illness, or any other life stressors, problem-solving therapy could be an efficient solution to help you deal with your problems head-on rather than avoid them or feel as though you are a victim. If receiving problem-solving therapy from a doctor or mental health professional is not an option for you, you could also consider implementing it as a self-help strategy using a workbook designed to help you do just that. If youre not sure where to start, ask your doctor or another health professional for recommendations. In general, its also important to remember that problem-solving therapy is not a primary treatment for mental disorders. If you are living with the symptoms of a serious mental illness such as bipolar disorder or schizophrenia, this needs to be treated with evidence-based approaches for the particular concern. Rather, problem-solving therapy is best aimed at the person who has a mental or physical issue that is being treated separately, but who also has life issues that go along with that problem that has yet to be addressed. For example, if you cant clean your house or pay your bills because of your depression, problem-solving therapy could help. If a cancer diagnosis is interfering with your quality of life, problem-solving therapy could help. And if you just struggle in general with knowing how to approach and solve problems in your life rather than running away from them, problem-solving therapy could give you the tools you need to start creating effective solutions to your problems. If this sounds like you, problem-solving therapy could be the solution that youve been looking for. The 9 Best Online Therapy Programs

Tuesday, June 30, 2020

Jacksonian Democracy - Free Essay Example

Democracy in many eras is defined when someone is running for office and naturally against other political candidates. The citizens (usually wealthy men) have the decision to vote, for that specific candidate is put in position to make decision for the people in that society, whoever has the majority vote wins. Yes, I agree with the Jacksonian’s view of democracy to extent to that they themselves stand for individual liberty, and economic opportunity and the constitution. During the 1800’s democracy was ambiguously defined because of people’s different definitions; the founding’s of the America political system was defined by these ideologies and beliefs it had set the course for the legalities and administrations for different political parties. The Jacksonian had an interesting definition of democracy, Jacksonian democracy is a 19th-century political philosophy originating with the seventh President Andrew Jackson and his supporters, and it was one of America’s dominant political worldview of democracy. Andrew Jackson and his follower’s political ideology of what he considered democracy was constitutional, George Henry Evans, â€Å"The working Men’s Declaration of Independence† (December 1829). Showed that the Jacksonian’s views of constitution were aligned, and they had shared the ideologies of â€Å"†¦that all men are created equal; that they endowed by their creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness† the Jacksonian’s point of view is constitutional and to this idea was correct. Jackson received most of his support from the common man, who saw their independence as the most important necessity to preserve. Andrew Jackson had believed that economic opportunity was important to have individual liberty, Jackson’ veto message, July 10, 1832) had believed that if we have a national bank it not work in our best favor, but â€Å"†¦ the rich and powerful too often bend the acts of govt. to in (Andrew their selfish purposes† the Jacksonian ideas were honest despite the criticism that they were only for white men, they truly show that his ideas for democracy were transcending and honest. Their perspective is like of the anti-federalist, because they were pro-constitution and not very keen on having a big government and somewhat believes in the idea of â€Å"God helps, to those who help themselves†. The disagreement in ideologies that Jacksonian and the people who view them is put in question on the topic of slavery, (in document F) Acts and Resolutions of South Carolina (1835) â€Å"†¦ earnestly requests that the govts of these states will promptly and effectually suppress all those associations within their respective limits purporting to be abolition societies† this was the disagreement that a lot of the Jacksonian had disagreed o among themselves even Jackson had his fair share of the controversy because of this the pro-slavery bias was the darker side to Jacksonian Democracy The Jackson were open to slavery it he believed that should be treated human dignity , he showed no action to abolish or remove the legalization of the arranged slave system. But the whole topic is complicated, so we be understanding to the extent of contextualizing and seeing for how it was, no bias. Yes, I agree with them but to an extent that our commonalities are dominated than our differences in ideologies and philosophy. Andrew Jackson and Jacksons followers who created the party were also for the people. Such ideals were shown throughout various times within the period. The democrats were essentially guardians of the United States Constitution and, similarly, were protectors of individual liberties. And equality of opportunity. Through the early 1800’s the Jacksonian’s themselves have created an era where we can have a moment to question what is democracy and what extent do have to give up having political ideology and how much do we kowtow to extreme side of it, for a better democracy, society? But also, they have shown that in moment where the majority usually rules, the difference in ideas out spoke and transcended.

Saturday, May 23, 2020

Feelings Evoked Voices in Elie Wiesels Night - 959 Words

Through the course of Night by Elie Wiesel, one clearly notices that the events happening in the book greatly affect the reader on an emotional level. Above all that, though, it is the voices coming up throughout the book that make the reader truly think about, and eventually feel, what the characters are feeling at that specific moment. These voices influence and completely change how we perceive the book in such a way that without them, we wouldnt be able to fully understand the story and it would just feel like another written record of the Holocaust to us. Among the many voices used in the book, there are three that stood out the most to me as a reader; the voices of Moshe the Beadle, the Rabbis son, and Juliek the violinist.†¦show more content†¦The sound of a violin, in this dark shed, where the dead were heaped on the living. What madman could be playing the violin here, at the brink of his own grave?... It must have been Juliek...It was pitch dark. I could hear only the violin, and it was as though Julieks soul were the bow. He was playing his life. The whole of his life was gliding on the strings (Wiesel, 1960, p.90). After everything that had happened so far, Juliek, even though he was probably feeling the same as Elie, still managed to play and pour his heart out through his violin and Beethovens music. He had always been denied everything, had everything taken away from him, yet at the last moment, he still found a way to do what he had always wanted to do, which was play a piece by Beethoven on his beloved violin. This reinforces our wish for hope itself, and it tells us, that, even though all these horrid events have happened and that its practically the end of the journey for Elie, we can still hope for the better. All this train of thought leaves us amazed, fascinated, and in awe. Even though some of the feelings brought up throughout the reading of the book somehow clashed or didnt have much in common, such as hopelessness, indifference, and fascination, they still became a huge part in the development and understanding of the story. If for some reason the situations in the book evoking these feelings hadnt come up, us as readers wouldnt have known of

Tuesday, May 19, 2020

Essay traglear King Lear as a Bradley Tragedy - 1294 Words

King Lear as a Bradley Tragedy King Lear meets all the requirements of a tragedy as defined by Andrew Cecil Bradley. Bradley states that a Shakespearean tragedy has to be the story of the hero and there is exceptional suffering and calamity slowly being worn in. Also, the current time must be contrasted to happier times. The play also depicts the troubled parts in the hero’s life and eventually he dies instantaneously because of the suffering and calamity. There is the feeling of fear in the play as well, that makes men see how blind they are not knowing when fortune or something else would be on them. The hero must be of a high status on the chain and the hero must also possess a tragic flaw that initiates the tragedy.†¦show more content†¦Due to this flaw, Lear has given way to the two older daughters to conspire against him. Lear is finally thrown out of his daughters’ homes and left with a fool, a servant and a beggar. This is when Lear realizes the mistake that he has made and suf fers the banishment of his two eldest daughters. Lear is caught in a storm and begins to lose his sanity because he can not bear the treatment of his two daughters as well as the error he has made with Cordelia and Kent. Lear also suffers from lack of rest when he is moving all over the place and the thing that breaks him is the death of his youngest daughter, Cordelia. This suffering can be contrasted with other happier times like when Lear was still king and when he was not banished by his two daughters. The feeling of fear is when Lear is in the storm raging against the gods, I tax not you, you elements, with unkindness. I never gave you kingdom, called you children, you owe me no subscription (act #, scene #, line #), telling them to rage harder since he has not done anything for them and that he didnt deserve what he has received from his two daughters. The fear is how Lear in a short period of time went from king to just a regular peasant and from strong and prideful to weak and unconfident. This shows that men do not

Tuesday, May 12, 2020

Propaganda In George Orwells Animal Farm - 842 Words

Propaganda is all around us. Although we might not realize, we see it almost everyday. Propaganda is misleading information that is used to help groups of people. It is most often used in government systems. We see it when we listen to news or check social media. It is used so much in our lives and most of the time we don’t even realize it. On animal farm the propaganda was Squealer. Without Squealer, the book would have been completely different. Squealer made the animals believe in Napolean and his actions and without this Napolean wouldn’t have become so powerful. In book Animal Farm there are many events where propaganda, or Squealer, was used. One of the first times you see this happening is when the pigs started to change the†¦show more content†¦The original commandment was, â€Å" No animal shall drink alcohol†, but once again he added two words and changed the commandment to, â€Å"No animal shall drink alcohol to excess.† By these events you can tell that the pigs were slowly starting to take over the farm. Another event where Squealer used his speaking abilities was to turn the animals against Snowball. Once Napolean drove Snowball out of Animal Farm he wanted all of the animals to hate him. Squealer started doing this right from the start. After all their hard work the windmill was knocked down from a terrible storm, Napolean didn’t waste a second to blame this on Snowball. Later in the book Squealer convinced the animals that Snowball was secretly coming to the farm in the night and that he had made an alliance with Jones. When anything went wrong on the farm, the first thing that would be announced was that Snowball was to be blamed. When Squealer convinced the animals of these things he completely changed the animals memories of events that had happened. One example of this was the Battle of Cowshed. He convinced the animals that Snowball was working with Jones through the battle and that everything he did had an alternative motive. By doing all of this Squealer made the animals trust himself and Napolean, and in their minds Napolean was a hero. One of the last times when propaganda was used in the story was when Boxer died. Boxer wasShow MoreRelatedPigs Gain Power with Propaganda in George Orwells Animal Farm1747 Words   |  7 Pagesaudience’s mind. Propaganda is a communication method which creates certain feelings and motivates specific actions (Stults). In George Orwells’ Animal Farm, the animals of the farm plan on living in peaceful equality after overthrowing their human leaders, but the intelligent, cunning pigs seize the farm’s defenseless leadership. Orwell wrote Animal Farm as an allegorical â€Å"fairy story† (â€Å"Preface† 6) resembling the Russian Revolt during the 1900’s. An important similarity between Animal Farm and the RussianRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwell s The Great Gatsby 1285 Words   |  6 PagesMack Allen Mr.Booth Period 6 English 12/3/14 Author Study of George Orwell George Orwell was a literary tactician who won two major awards because of hia advanced and intriguing use of propaganda. At first glance, his books appear to be stories about animals, however, they contain much deeper and influential meanings. Orwell is most recognized for his portrayal of dystopian societies and how they parallel present society. Through intense allegories, Orwell unintentionally crafted novels that areRead MoreAnimal Farm by George Orwell Essay1488 Words   |  6 Pages George Orwell’s Animal Farm is a story of pure propaganda. Propaganda is a recurring theme and technique seen and used by characters in the book, as well as the author. Animal Farm is an allegory that focuses on the communist revolution in Russia. Being an allegory, events in the book accurately depict actual events in history that actually relate to propaganda. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Propaganda is a central element to the plot of Animal Farm. Propaganda is used by various methods in theRead MoreGeorge Orwell s Animal Farm1710 Words   |  7 Pages There are many important characters in George Orwell’s Animal Farm but the pig Squealer surpasses all of them in importance because Squealer is essentially the equivalent of a news reporter in the Animal Farm. Squealer spreads propaganda among the inhabitants of Animal Farm, whether it is the truth or a lie, but it benefits Napoleon afterwards since Squealer utilizes propaganda techniques in order to make the animals believe it. Most of the animals that are not pigs or dogs aren’t very intelligentRead MoreGeorge Orwells Contributions to Society1199 Words   |  5 PagesPreface. Animal Farm. By George Orwell. 1996. 50th Anniversary ed. New York: Penguin Books Ltd, 1946. v-xii. Print. Glover, Beaird. Nineteen Eighty-Four. Masterplots, Fourth Edition (2010): 1-3. Literary Reference Center. Web. 5 Apr. 2012. Knapp, John V. George Orwell. Critical Survey Of Long Fiction, Fourth Edition (2010): 1-6. Literary Reference Center. Web. 2 Apr. 2012. ORWELL, George. (n.d.): Funk amp; Wagnalls New World Encyclopedia. Web. 2 Apr. 2012. Orwell, George. NineteenRead MoreEssay on Failed Revolutions and Tyrants in Animal Farm649 Words   |  3 PagesFailed Revolutions and Tyrants in Animal Farm Animal Farm, by George Orwell was published in 1945, a crucial time in history because of Stalin’s takeover of the Soviet Union and his exploitation of the centralized communist government. This was in direct contradiction to the expected results of the Russian Revolution. Orwell felt that revolutions fail because the end result is a change of tyrants and not of government. Orwell exemplifies this failure through the goals of the revolution and theirRead MoreEssay about Animal Farm: The World and the Words 1041 Words   |  5 Pages Animal Farm is a masterfully written cynical exploration into the abuse of power through language.c George Orwells book provides a theory of power structures, equality and the very nature of human character. As a short, ten-chaptered essay, this book has made its mark on the communist and authoritarian societies with the cutting morals and the phrase â€Å"All animals are equal, but some animals are more equal than others† In the beginning, Mr. Jones is an antagonistic study into Czar Nicholas IIRead MoreThe Works of George Orwell1347 Words   |  5 PagesGeorge Orwell How did George Orwell, an author who died over 50 years ago, suddenly rocket to the top of the best sellers list? George Orwell was able to show peoples all over the world about dangers that not only pertained to people of his time period but to multitudes of future generations. He used his literary knowledge to write books that were incredible influential in both their literary skill and the message they portrayed. George Orwell greatly influenced British society through his literaryRead MoreAnimal Farm By George Orwell1397 Words   |  6 PagesAn important quote by the influential author of Animal Farm, George Orwell, is, â€Å"Every line of serious work that I have written since 1936 has been written, directly or indirectly, against totalitarianism.† George Orwell, a Democratic Socialist, wrote the book Animal Farm as an attack on the Communist country of Russia (â€Å"The Political Ideas of George Orwell,† worldsocialism.org). He had a very strong disliking of Com munism and the Socialist party of Russia. However, he insisted on finding the truthRead MoreThe Key Themes In Animal Farm By George Orwell952 Words   |  4 PagesAnimal Farm, an allegorical novel by George Orwell, depicts a very clear picture of the events leading up to the 1917 Russian Revolution and the Stalinist era of the Soviet Union. The techniques Orwell has used when writing this piece allows his robust view points and prominent reoccurring themes to become clear. A couple of themes that stood out the most to me was the use of education and intelligence, as well as corruption of power and leadership to fuel oppression. Orwell uses the imagery of a

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

The Development Of A Successful Business Venture...

Abstract: What is an entrepreneur? Entrepreneurship is the act of being an entrepreneur, which is a French word meaning one who undertakes an endeavor. Entrepreneurs assemble resources including innovations, finance and business acumen in an effort to transform innovations into economic goods. This may result in new organizations or may be part of revitalizing mature organizations in response to a perceived opportunity or necessity. The most obvious form of entrepreneurship is that of starting new businesses; however, in recent years, the term has been extended to include social and political forms of entrepreneurial activity. The purpose of this paper is to find out to what personal values determine the development of a successful†¦show more content†¦It involves hard work and most are generally workaholics. Entrepreneurs have a nurturing quality and are willing to take charge of, and watch over a venture until it can stand alone. They have an acceptance of responsibility. They are morally, legally, and mentally accountable for their ventures. Some entrepreneurs may be driven more by altruism than by self-interest. They reward orientation and have a desire to achieve, work hard and take responsibility, but also want to be rewarded for their efforts; rewards can be in forms other than money, such as recognition and respect. They are optimistic and live by the philosophy that this is the best of times, and that anything is possible. They have an orientation to excellence and often desire to achieve something outstanding that they can be proud of. They have strong organization and are good at bringing together the components of a venture. They want to make a profit; but the profit serves primarily as a meter to gauge their success and achievement. The demand theory holds that entrepreneurs emerge out of the combination of entrepreneurial opportunities and people who are well-positioned to take advantage of them. Anyone who encounters the right conditions might become an entrepreneur, if they find themselves in a position where they find a valuable problem that they alone can solve. An entrepreneur is a person who

The Bermuda Triangle Evidence and use of research Free Essays

Trever Wack D Block Mrs. Griffin FCA’s 1. MLA documentation/works cited 2. We will write a custom essay sample on The Bermuda Triangle Evidence and use of research or any similar topic only for you Order Now THESIS STATEMENT 3. Evidence and use of research There is a place, it’s said where small boats, huge ships, and even powerful military vessels sail out into calm, clear weather†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦and then just vanish†¦. without a trace (Lexington 1). This is the dreaded Bermuda triangle also referred to as the devil’s triangle (Bermuda Triangle 1). It is located off the southeastern coast of the United States in the Atlantic Ocean. The three points that create the triangle are Miami Florida, Bermuda, and San Juan Puerto Rico. It covers roughly 500,000 square miles (Obringer 1). Here, off the coast of Florida, is a vacation paradise: Clear water, white beaches, and warm weather, but legends warn this tropical beauty conceals a deadly secret. This unknown something, snatches people from the surface of the world, and vaporizes them as they were never here in the first place. There are few ideas as chilling as the thought that sometimes, in some places, for no reason, people simply disappear without a trace (Lexington 1). The Bermuda triangle is a well-known conspiracy resulting in the disappearance of flight 19, testimonies of the survivors, and known possible theories. The Bermuda triangle is well known today because of the disappearance of six Navy planes and their crew was on December 5, 1945 (Berlitz 21). The first five planes that disappeared, apparently simultaneously, were on a routine training mission with a flight plan designed to follow a triangular flight pattern. The pattern started at Naval Air Station at Fort Lauderdale, Florida. Then 160 miles to the east, 40 miles to the north, and then southwest back to their base (Berlitz 21). No incident before or since has been more remarkable than this total disappearance of an entire training mission, along with the giant rescue plane, a Martin Mariner with a crew of 13, which inexplicably vanished during rescue operations (Berlitz 21-22). Flight 19 contained five officer pilots and nine enlisted crewmembers. The planes were navy Grumman TBM-3 avenger torpedo bombers, and each carried enough fuel to enable it to cruise over 1000 miles (Berlitz 22). The weather that day was said to be clear and sunny, and according to planes that flew earlier that day, this was ideal flying conditions. The flight time calculated for this specific mission was two hours. The planes started taking off at 2 PM and by 2:10 PM they were all airborne (Berlitz 22). In command was Lieut. Charles Taylor, with over 2500 hours of flying time, who led the planes to where they would make their practice runs on a so called â€Å"target hulk† (Berlitz 22). Both pilots and crews were experienced airmen and there was no reason to expect anything other than usual nature to happen during this mission of. But something did happen†¦. and with a vengeance (Berlitz 22). At around 3:30 PM flight 19 could no longer hear messages from the tower, but the tower could hear conversations between the planes. Some of these messages referred to possible fuel shortages, references to 75 mile per hour winds, references to being lost, and the unnerving observation that every Gyro and magnetic compass in all the planes were off – â€Å"going crazy,† as it was reported at the time –each showing a different reading (Berlitz 23). At this time the personnel of the base were in an understandable uproar as news spread that flight 19 had encountered an emergency. Rescue crafts where dispatched, the rescue team consisted of a crew of thirteen aboard a Martin Mariner flying boat patrol plane, from the banana river naval air station. Minutes after the Martin Mariner the tower received a message from Lieut. Come, one of the officers of the Martin Mariner, dispatched to the general area where flight 19 was presumed to be, that there were strong winds above 6,000 feet. This, however, was the last message received from the plane (Berlitz 24). There was an immediate message sent out to other rescue vessels stating that six planes instead of five are now missing. The Martin Mariner had disappeared as well. The original and search, initiated on the day of disappearance, was suspended because of darkness, although Coast Guard vessel continued to look for survivors during the night. The following day, Thursday, December 6th, 1945, would be one of history’s most intensive search efforts ever recorded. The search effort involved 240 planes and 67 additional planes from the aircraft carrier Solomons, 4 destroyers, several submarines, 18 Coast Guard vessels, and Royal Navy units in the Bahamas, along with hundreds of private planes, yachts, and boats (Berlitz 24-25). Unfortunately despite all the rescue efforts, nothing was found of either flight 19 or the Martin Mariner. Although there have been many disappearances after flight 19 and the Martin Mariner, there are only few that are as significant as the disappearance of flight 19. January 29, 1948: Star Tiger, four engine Tudor IV, lost radio contact 380 miles northeast of Bermuda, plane lost with 31 passengers and crew. January 17, 1949: Star Ariel, sister ship of the Star Tiger, London to Santiago, Chile, via Bermuda and Jamaica, radio communications lost 380 miles south-southwest of Bermuda on course to Kingston. Airplanes are not only thing that had disappeared in the Bermuda triangle, major ships and disappeared as well. On March 4, 1918: U. S. Navy supply ship U. S. S . Cyclops, 500 feet, 19,000 tons displacement, sailed March 4 from Barbados to Norfolk with 309 aboard, no bad weather, no radio messages, no wreckage ever found. These are some of the most known disappearances in the Bermuda triangle, but what about people who have experienced strange occurrences in the Bermuda triangle and still survived to tell their tale? In his book â€Å"invisible horizons†, Vincent Gaddis devotes a section to the Bermuda triangle. Vincent recalls acquiring a letter from an ex-airman, named Dick Stern, containing surprising information. Mr. Stern indicated in his letter that towards the cessation of 1944 he was on a flight going to Italy. The flight consisted of a group of seven bombers, about 300 miles off Bermuda, his plane suddenly experienced such violent and destructive turbulence they are obligated to return to the Amalgamated States. When this transpired the weather was clear, but due to the critically damaging turbulence the plane turned over and pitched so violently that the crew was thrown to the ceiling. The plane suddenly lost altitude to a point where it was virtually coerced into the ocean (Berlitz 65). When Mr. Stern returned to base he described that there was only one other plane left who had returned to the base safely out of seven when they originally left. There had been no radio contact with the other planes and no trace of anything left from the disappearance was found (Berlitz 66). Some years after Mr. Stern and his wife were on a flight from Bermuda to Nassau, when, by coincidence, Mrs. Stern was talking about the previous incident, and suddenly the plane lost altitude quickly and the plane shook violently. The food that they were eating flew to the ceiling. The plane perpetuated to elevate and fall for a quarter of an hour (Berlitz 66). This occurrence may be an example of clear air turbulence, which if rigorous or continued, would possibly cause some planes to be ripped apart and scattered all over the sea. In any case Dick Stern has the distinction of having encountered the same arbitrary and powerful force transpire twice at virtually the same place in the triangle†¦. and lived to tell about it (Berlitz 66). But how is the Bermuda triangle consuming so many ships and planes? The following five conceptions are considered myths because they’re not supported by much scientific proof. Some people have speculated that sea monsters live in this particular area of the ocean and are just waiting for sailors and pilots to come by so they can seize their next victim. Maybe all of those people who have vanished are actually living in a third dimension that people can’t even imagine (The Bermuda Triangle 1). An antediluvian philosopher, Plato, told about a lost continent called Atlantis. The story of Atlantis describes a beautiful continent that was ahead of its time and that sadly and mysteriously vanished or got swallowed up by the ocean. No one knows if the story of the lost continent is true but it has been linked to the mystery of the Bermuda Triangle. Some believe that Atlantis is right below The Triangle. People believe that if you make your way to deep below the oceans surface you would find the missing continent of Atlantis. But how does this explain the disappearing boats and planes? Does the continent just suction them under? Or are travelers going there intentionally on an endeavor to find Atlantis (The Bermuda Triangle 2)? The Bermuda Triangle is one of only two areas in the world where true north and magnetic north are the same. True north is considered the North Pole and magnetic north is a little different. This is because of magnetic fields in our atmosphere that pull compass readings a little bit away from true north. Because the two north’s line up in the Bermuda Triangle, magnetic compasses go crazy when they’re utilized in this area. It could cause ship captains and pilots to get lost—perhaps forever (The Bermuda Triangle 2). The Bermuda Triangle is located in a very tumultuous and stormy area. Most Atlantic tropical storms and hurricanes pass through the perfidious triangle. Many ships that have vanished in the area have vanished just before an immensely colossal storm when the waters are especially dangerous and hard to navigate (The Bermuda Triangle 2). Imagine being a sailor and heading through the Bermuda Triangle – what an adventure! People may never know the truth about this weird and abstrusely cryptic environment but it’s pretty cool to contemplate the possibilities! The Bermuda triangle is a well-known conspiracy resulting in the evaporation of flight 19, statements from the survivors, and known possible theories. The Bermuda triangle is a mysterious place where flight 19 vanished and to this day we have no plausible reason of why. Not only did flight 19 disappear, many others have vanished without a trace or explanation. There are not many survivors today, but they are the lucky ones, the ones that are here to tell their tale. Most of the tales told will all have the same basic plot. That plot is that they fly, or sail, into clear weather, loose radio connectivity†¦and vanish. A lot of people have come up with some crazy explanations of why the Bermuda triangle snatches boats or planes. Some of these reasons are not plausible at all though! Some think that there is super nature controlling all, but who knows? Is there a Bermuda triangle? Or is it just a made up spoofed conspiracy? Works Cited â€Å"Bermuda Triangle. † Man, Myth Magic, The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Mythology, Religion and the Unknown. 1974. Lexton, Daniel. â€Å"The Bermuda Triangle. † Skeptic 1. 2003. 96B. elibrary. Web. 30 Apr. 2012. Obringer, Lee Ann. â€Å"How the Bermuda Triangle Works. † 02 Aug 2006. Howstuffworks. com. Snow, Edward Rowe. â€Å"Supernatural Mysteries and Other Tales. † New York: Dodd, Mead and Company, 1974. Print. â€Å"The Bermuda Triangle: Exploring the Mystery of this Underwater Wonder. † Kidsworld Magazine. Spring 2011: pi 1. General One File. Web. 10 May 2012. How to cite The Bermuda Triangle Evidence and use of research, Essay examples